World Congress on Environmental Toxicology and Health- 2018, Sydney, Australia - Report

The World Congress on Environmental Toxicology and Health was organized during July 11-12, 2018 at the Mercure Sydney Central, Sydney, Australia. The conference was marked with the attendance of Editorial Board Members of supported Conferenceseries llc LTD Group Journals, Scientists, young and brilliant researchers, business delegates and talented student communities representing more than 20 countries, who made this conference fruitful and productive. 

The conference proceeded through various Scientific Sessions and plenary lectures, of which the following topics were highlighted as Keynote presentations:

• Nanomaterial carcinogenicity: Role of cancer stem cells and tumor microenvironment: Yon Rojanasakul, West Virginia University, USA
• Risk assessment and bioavailability of mercury from dust in gold mining areas in Johannesburg, South Africa: Ewa Cukrowska, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
• The air pollution caused by wildland fires and the effects on health: Jaime Senabre, SINIF, Spain

Scientific sessions were chaired by: Ewa Cukrowska, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.

Conference Series llc LTD has taken the grand privilege of felicitating Environment and Health Congress 2018 Organizing Committee, Editorial Board Members and Keynote Speakers who supported for the success of this event.

The esteemed guests, Keynote speakers, well-known researchers and delegates shared their innovative research and vast experience through their presentations at the podium of Environment and Health Congress 2018. We are glad to inform that all accepted abstracts for the conference have been published in the Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology as a special issue.

citation: Senabre, J. (2018).  The air pollution caused by wildland fires and the effects on health. In Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology, 2018, Volume 8, pp22. DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525-C1-011 

Link pdf:  https://www.omicsonline.org/conference-proceedings/2161-0525-C1-011-006.pdf

Link book: https://www.omicsonline.org/conference-proceedings/environment-health-congress-2018-tracks.digital/files/assets/basic-html/page-1.html#

Link Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology (ISSN: 2161-0525) https://www.omicsonline.org/proceedings/the-air-pollution-caused-by-wildland-fires-and-the-effects-on-health-89952.html

The air pollution caused by wildland fires and the effects on health.

Jaime Senabre

SINIF, Spain
University of Alicante, Spain

Abstract 

Wildland fires are a source of polluting emissions into the atmosphere whose main origin is anthropogenic, as is amply demonstrated by causality studies and statistics. Air pollution by such disturbance is due to combustion of forest biomass that mainly generates CO2 and H2O, and other inorganic and organic gases, and particles. During fires, and by the action of fire, the ordinary characteristics of both the fuel and the oxidizer are modified, being able to change state and suffering different reactions at the molecular level. The composition and molecular structure of the combustion gases, the concentration or dose received and the exposure time act as modulators of the possible effects on the health of the exposed persons. The harmful substances of a forest fire penetrate the body, mainly through the respiratory tract and the skin. According to recent research, in Spain it is estimated that there are about 17% of the population living less than 5 km from a source that emits carcinogenic substances. There are areas of the country which has been detected excess mortality from leukemia and certain cancers, such as those related to the digestive, respiratory, prostate, breast, ovarian and gallbladder. These findings have been related to cities or municipalities with high industrial activity. There seems to be little doubt about the association of the effects of industrial pollution and the development of certain types of cancer. In our study, we evaluated the relationship between the areas of Spain with the most industrial pollution and the areas with the highest prevalence of wildland fires, in order to determine if forest fires may be contributing: First, to an impoverishment of the quality of the air we breathe; second, an increase in vulnerability and a greater risk to the health of people.

citation: Senabre, J. (2018).  The air pollution caused by wildland fires and the effects on health. In Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology, 2018, Volume 8, pp22. DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525-C1-011 

Link pdf:  https://www.omicsonline.org/conference-proceedings/2161-0525-C1-011-006.pdf

Link book: https://www.omicsonline.org/conference-proceedings/environment-health-congress-2018-tracks.digital/files/assets/basic-html/page-1.html#

Link Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology (ISSN: 2161-0525) https://www.omicsonline.org/proceedings/the-air-pollution-caused-by-wildland-fires-and-the-effects-on-health-89952.html

Secondary traumatic stress in fire fighters because of the interaction with the victims.

Abstract 

Generally, when any type of disaster or catastrophe occurs, be it of natural or human origin, there is much talk about the number of victims and deaths, the magnitude of infrastructure and material goods affected, the economic amounts lost in the event, etc. In the same way, much has been said and written about the psychological impact on victims and the community exposed to such an event. However, there is a type of hidden victims that, in many cases, tend to go unnoticed, perhaps in part because of their resistance to accepting that they are also vulnerable. I am referring to the members of the first response teams in emergencies (fire, police, health, etc.). The presence of the scene, the proximity to the deadly victims and the interaction with the survivors, as well as the work in highly toxic atmospheres or of great risk for the physical integrity, together with problems of organizational, familiar or interpersonal type, will exert a strong impact on these troops, with possible repercussions on their physical and mental health. Moreover, they can be factors of vulnerability to suffer more or less severe episodes of Acute Stress, Post Traumatic Stress and Secondary Traumatic Stress, among others. In the present work an approximation is made to the Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) construct, a type of emerging labor condition in the professionals who develop their tasks of help and rescue with people exposed to critical incidents or vital events, as is the case of the Firefighter Departments. Factors such as the history of personal traumas, the organizational context, the characteristics of the intervention and the individual personality, will significantly condition the capacity of resistance to the traumas in the professionals of the Fire Services. 

Key notes: emotional trauma, secondary traumatic stress, resistant personality, firefighter, critical incident.

4^th International Conference on Depression, Anxiety and Stress Management

Cita:  Senabre, J. (2018). Secondary traumatic stress in fire fighters because of the interaction with the victims. In Journal of Depression and Anxiety 2018, Volume 7, pp 69-70. DOI: 10.4172/2167-1044-C1-005  ISSN: 2167-1044

 https://www.omicsonline.org/proceedings/secondary-traumatic-stress-in-fire-fighters-because-of-the-interaction-with-the-victims-85539.html

 https://www.omicsonline.org/conference-proceedings/2167-1044-C1-005-016.pdf

Modulating effect of hardiness in the development of emotional trauma in firefighters trapped in forest fire.

Abstract

Some authors have pointed out that the individuals with resistant personality deal with stressful situations in an active and committed way, perceiving them as less threatening. Also, we know that stress acts as a mediator in the predisposition, precipitation or exacerbation of the disease. Emergency services professionals are often confronted with numerous critical incidents that are likely to break into their lives and cause them to suffer, often because of their surprising nature. The traumatic experience is pointed out as one of the most revealing sources of deep discomfort. The aim of this study is to determine if the resistant personality or hardiness plays a role as a modulator of the stress experience and, more specifically, the development of posttraumatic stress. To this end, we evaluated a sample of firefighters, who were surprised by the fire in an entrapment situation during the extinction of a forest fire in the province of Alicante (Spain) and that had a fatal outcome for some of the emergency device personnel. The results indicate that 37.5% of the sample developed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at the clinical level after the month of the incident and 25% some type of posttraumatic symptomatology (PTSD sub-syndrome); the remaining 37.5% were not emotionally affected by that stress experience. On the other hand, the dispersion analysis shows a tendency to the appearance of PTSD as the hardiness decreases (figure 1). These results support the idea that resistant personality can play a modulating role in the development of emotional trauma. The dimensions of the construct, implication and challenge, seem to have a greater role in this stress modulating process, being the influence of control more contained. In the discussion, emphasis is given on the need for specialized evaluation and follow up after the experience of a critical incident of these characteristics, as well as the design of training actions aimed at the development of knowledge, skills, abilities and psychological skills in professionals belonging to the different emergency services, and more specifically, firefighters.

 https://www.omicsonline.org/proceedings/modulating-effect-of-hardiness-in-the-development-of-emotional-trauma-in-firefighters-trapped-in-forest-fire-85033.html

4^th International Conference on Mental Health and Human Resilience

Cita:  Senabre, J. (2018). Modulating effect of hardiness in the development of emotional trauma in firefighters trapped in forest fire. In International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience 2018, Volume 20, pp 52. DOI: 10.4172/1522-4821-C1-011. ISSN: 1522-4821.

https://www.omicsonline.org/conference-proceedings/1522-4821-C1-011-011.pdf

Social perception of natural hazards in a region of the Spanish Mediterranean.

Abstract

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Natural disasters are socio-natural phenomena whose effects are not always distributed equally over the population. The risk of disaster arises from the product between threats and vulnerability. The impact of natural risks influences the sustainable development of a society. The way in which the human being relates to nature and the human action, are prone to generate situations of danger. The likelihood of a natural hazard materializing seems to have been assumed. For that reason, the human being lives in constant risk on the Earth, something that is not new. The climate models indicate an increase in climate irregularity in the Mediterranean regions. In general, climate change poses scenarios of greater risk in the face of natural hazards. From environmental psychology, the study of risk perception as a factor for risk analysis is addressed. From this perspective, this study is proposed, with the purpose of knowing some aspects such as: the perception of threat, the risk exposure, the awareness of the damage, the evolution of the risk, the elements of concern, the level of concern, the elements of exposure, the mode of attribution, knowledge of natural risk and, in particular, the knowledge of forest fire risk. The study population is made up of citizens of the Valencia community, a region of Eastern Spain that has a singular climate and topography, which makes it more susceptible to have episodes of droughts, floods, strong winds from the west, heat waves and wild land fires, mainly. It is necessary to know how society perceives risk due to adverse natural phenomena, for this reason, we hope that the results of this study will contribute to the improvement of the risk reduction programs in this region of the Spanish Mediterranean.

World Summit on Climate Change and Global WarmingJune 21-22, 2018 Paris, France

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Jaime Senabre (University of Alicante, Spain)

Expert Opinion on Environmental Biology. ISSN: 2325-9655

Cita: Senabre, J. (2018). Social perception of natural hazards in a region of the Spanish Mediterranean. In Expert Opin Environ Biol 2018 volume: 7, pp 27. DOI: 10.4172/2325-9655-C1-020

https://www.scitechnol.com/proceedings/social-perception-of-natural-hazards-in-a-region-of-the-spanish-mediterranean-6081.html